CX3CL1 polyclonal antibody

Chemokines are members of a superfamily of inducible, secreted, proinflammatory cytokines. Members of the chemokine family exhibit 20-50%
homology in their predicted amino acid sequences and are divided into four
subfamilies. In the subfamily designated C-C or β, the first two cysteines are
adjacent. In the C-X-C or a subfamily, the first two of four cysteine residues
are separated by a single amino acid. C subfamily members, also designated
γ chemokines, lack the first and third cysteine residues of the conserved
motif. Chemokines in these three subfamilies are small, secreted proteins
with molecular weights ranging from 7-15 kDa. Fractalkine, also designated
neurotactin, is the first characterized member of a fourth chemokine subfamily.
Fractalkine contains a novel C-X3-C motif in which the first two cysteines
are separated by three amino acid residues. Fractalkine mRNA has been
detected in brain and heart and is upregulated in microglia and endothelial
cells by inflammatory signals. The protein can exist both as a membranebound
form and as a chemotactic soluble form.