Estrogen Receptor alpha monoclonal antibody

Estrogen receptor α (ERα), a member of the steroid receptor superfamily, contains highly conserved DNA binding and ligand binding domains . Through its estrogen-independent and estrogen-dependent activation domains (AF-1 and AF-2, respectively), ERα regulates transcription by recruiting coactivator proteins and interacting with general transcriptional machinery. Phosphorylation at multiple sites provides an important mechanism to regulate ERα activity . Ser104, 106, 118, and 167 are located in the amino-terminal transcription activation function domain AF-1, and phosphorylation of these serine residues plays an important role in regulating ERα activity. Ser118 may be the substrate of the transcription regulatory kinase CDK7 . Ser167 may be phosphorylated by p90RSK and Akt . According to the research literature, phosphorylation at Ser167 may confer tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer patients .